Aurignacian Bone and Ivory Flutes

Bone and ivory flutes showing an established Upper Paleolithic musical tradition.

Core metadata

ID: early_musical_instruments_flutes_drums
Era: Ancient
First known date: -35000 (millennium)
Region: Hohle Fels and Geissenkloesterle caves, Swabian Jura, southwestern Germany
Review status: source_checked
Maturity: N/A

Prerequisites

Bone Tool Making (bone_tool_making)

Dependents

Fields

None.

Node sources

New flutes document the earliest musical tradition in southwestern Germany (Nature, 2009, primary_paper) • Supports: node, edge, maturity

Prerequisite edge evidence

Edge/source evidence summary:

Prerequisite edges: 1
Average edge confidence: 76%
Prerequisite sources: 1
primary_source: 1

Prerequisite	Type	Confidence	Evidence level	Note	Sources
Bone Tool Making (bone_tool_making)	enabling	76%	primary_source	The cited flutes were made from bird bone and mammoth ivory, so bone/ivory working is an enabling material-working capability rather than proof of a broader musical prerequisite.	New flutes document the earliest musical tradition in southwestern Germany (Nature, 2009, primary_paper) • Supports: edge

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